Dynamic linkages among energy consumption,air pollution,greenhouse gas emissions and agricultural production in Pakistan: sustainable agriculture key to policy success     

Muhammad Imran Qureshi  Usama Awan  Zeeshan Arshad  Amran Md. Rasli  Khalid Zaman  Faisal Khan 《Natural Hazards》2016,80(1):367-388

  相似文献   

Radiocarbon dating and the <Superscript>36</Superscript>Cl/Cl evolution of three Great Artesian Basin wells at Dalhousie,South Australia     

Usama A. Abu Risha 《Hydrogeology Journal》2016,24(4):987-1000

The use of ¹⁴C (half-life?=?5,730 years) in modeling the evolution of the ³⁶Cl/Cl ratios in groundwater is reported for the first time. The complexity of the Cl–³⁶Cl system due to the occurrence of different Cl and ³⁶Cl sources and the difficulty of the determination of the initial groundwater ³⁶Cl/Cl ratios have raised concerns about the reliability of using ³⁶Cl (half-life?=?301 thousand years, a) as a groundwater-dating tool. This work uses groundwater ¹⁴C age as a calibrating parameter of the Cl–³⁶Cl/Cl decay-mixing models of three wells from the southwestern Great Artesian Basin (GAB), Australia. It aims to allow for the different sources of Cl and ³⁶Cl in the southwestern GAB aquifer. The results show that the initial Cl concentrations range from 245 to 320 mg/l and stable Cl is added to groundwater along flowpaths at rates ranging from 1.4 to 3.5 mg/l/ka. The ³⁶Cl content of the groundwater is assumed to be completely of atmospheric origin. The samples have different Cl–³⁶Cl/Cl mixing-decay models reflecting recharge under different conditions as well as the heterogeneity of the aquifer.  相似文献   

Heavy metal biosorption potential of a Malaysian Rhodophyte (<Emphasis Type="Italic">Eucheuma denticulatum</Emphasis>) from aqueous solutions     

Md. S. Rahman  K. V. Sathasivam 《International Journal of Environmental Science and Technology》2016,13(8):1973-1988

Biosorption is a promising technology for the removal of heavy metals from industrial wastes and effluents. In the present study, biosorption of Pb²⁺, Cu²⁺, Fe²⁺ and Zn²⁺ onto the dried biomass of Eucheuma denticulatum (Rhodophyte) was investigated as a function of solution pH, contact time, temperature and initial metal ion concentration. The experimental data were evaluated by Langmuir, Freundlich, Temkin and Dubinin–Radushkevich isotherm models. The sorption isotherm data followed Langmuir and Freundlich models, and the maximum Langmuir monolayer biosorption capacity was found as 81.97, 66.23, 51.02 and 43.48 mg g^?1 for Pb²⁺, Cu²⁺, Fe²⁺ and Zn²⁺, respectively. The sorption kinetic data followed pseudo-second-order and intraparticle diffusion models. Thermodynamic study revealed feasible, spontaneous and endothermic nature of the sorption process. Fourier transform infrared analysis showed the presence of amine, aliphatic, carboxylate, carboxyl, sulfonate and ether groups in the cell wall matrix involved in metal biosorption process. A total of nine error functions were applied in order to evaluate the best-fitting models. We strongly suggest the analysis of error functions for evaluating the fitness of the isotherm and kinetic models. The present work shows that E. denticulatum can be a promising low-cost biosorbent for removal of the experimental heavy metals from aqueous solutions. Further study is warranted to evaluate its potential for the removal of heavy metals from the real environment.  相似文献   

Multiple step ahead river flow modelling for south east tasmanian aquaculture     

Md. Sumon Shahriar  Mohammad Kamruzzaman  John McCulloch  Simon Beecham 《Earth Science Informatics》2016,9(3):271-279

We develop multiple step ahead prediction models of river flow for locations in Tasmania (Australia) for decision support in aquaculture. In predicting river flows for multiple days ahead, we first statistically determine the maximum input lags of rainfall and river flow. We then use machine learning techniques in building models. In multiple step ahead prediction, we consider both static and dynamic approaches. In dynamic approach, one day prediction is served as input to two days ahead prediction. The experimental results demonstrate that, in general, a dynamic approach provides better accuracy in multiple day’s ahead prediction. For Duck Bay location using dynamic approach, support vector regression performs best over linear regression, M5P and multilayer perceptron. However, at Montagu Bay location, we find that M5P performs best over methods. We find that multiple step ahead prediction of river flow for each location requires modelling of lags with associated machine learning techniques.  相似文献   

Hybrid off-river augmentation system as an alternative raw water resource: the hydrogeochemistry of abandoned mining ponds     

Faradiella Mohd Kusin  Mohd Syakirin Md Zahar  Siti Nurjaliah Muhammad  Nur Diyana Mohamad  Zafira Md Zin  Sharifah Mohd Sharif 《Environmental Earth Sciences》2016,75(3):230

  相似文献   

Carbon dynamic in sandy soil artificially contaminated with petroleum in the presence of various forms of inorganic nitrogen for bioremediation     

Hamed Azari Moghaddam  Nor Kartini Abu Bakar 《Environmental Earth Sciences》2016,75(3):224

  相似文献   

Characterization of underground tunnel water hydrochemical system and uses through multivariate statistical methods: a case study from Maddhapara Granite Mine,Dinajpur, Bangladesh     

M. Farhad Howladar  Md. Mustafizur Rahman 《Environmental Earth Sciences》2016,75(24):1501

A quality study of the drained water from Maddhapara Granite Mine underground tunnel was undertaken to study their hydrochemical variations and suitability for various uses employing chemical analysis, basic statistics, correlation matrix (r), cluster analysis, principal component/factor analyses, and ANOVA as the multivariate statistical methods. The results of chemical analysis of water show the modest variation in their ionic assemblage among different sampling points of the tunnel where Ca–HCO₃ type of hydrochemical facies is principally dominated. The correlation matrix shows a very strong to very weak positive, even negative, correlation relationship, suggesting the influence of different processes such as geochemical, biochemical processes, and multiple anthropogenic sources on controlling the hydrochemical evolution and variations of water in the mine area. Cluster analysis confirms that cluster 1 contains 68.75% of total samples, whereas cluster 2 contains 31.25%. On the whole, the dominated chemical ions of first cluster groups are Ca and HCO₃, suggesting a natural process similar to dissolution of carbonate minerals. The second cluster group consisted of Cl^? and SO₄ ^2? ions representing natural and anthropogenic hydrochemical process. The results of PCA/FA analysis illustrate that different processes are involved in controlling the chemical composition of groundwater in the mine area. The factor 1 loadings showed that pH, EC, TDS, Na, Mg, chloride, and sulfate which have high loading in this factor are expected to come from carbonate dissolution to oxidation conditions. One-way ANOVA describes the significance of dependent variables with respect to independent variables. ANOVA gives us the idea that EC, K⁺, Fe^total, SO ₄ ² , As, and Pb are the most important factors in controlling spatial differences in water quality in this tunnel. But different results have been encountered for different independent variables which might be due to dissimilar sources of water. From the qualitative analysis, it is clear that water quality is not very favorable for aquatic creatures as well as for drinking purposes. The water can be used for irrigation purposes without any doubt as SAR and RSC analysis provides good results. Moreover, the results of this research confirmed that the application of multivariate statistical analysis methods is apposite to inferring complex water quality data sets with its possible pollution sources. At the end, this research recommends (1) as water becomes more and more important, water treatment plants should be built before the water being used; (2) a detailed water step utilization plan should be set beforehand to guarantee tunnel water being used effectively; and (3) after the water being used for agriculture, elements in crops should be monitored continuously to ensure that ions and compounds that come from the tunnel water are lower than guideline values for human beings health.  相似文献   

Statistical downscaling of rainfall: a non-stationary and multi-resolution approach     

Md. Mamunur Rashid  Simon Beecham  Rezaul Kabir Chowdhury 《Theoretical and Applied Climatology》2016,124(3-4):919-933

  相似文献   

Detecting climate adaptation with mobile network data in Bangladesh: anomalies in communication,mobility and consumption patterns during cyclone Mahasen     

Xin Lu  David J. Wrathall  Pål Roe Sundsøy  Md. Nadiruzzaman  Erik Wetter  Asif Iqbal  Taimur Qureshi  Andrew J. Tatem  Geoffrey S. Canright  Kenth Engø-Monsen  Linus Bengtsson 《Climatic change》2016,138(3-4):505-519

  相似文献   

Spatio-temporal analysis of warming in Bangladesh using recent observed temperature data and GIS     

Md. Rejaur Rahman  Habibah Lateh 《Climate Dynamics》2016,46(9-10):2943-2960

  相似文献